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The chemistry of natural products is considered as the part of chemistry that is dedicated to the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites of plants, also known as natural products. While primary metabolism is common to all living beings and involves the production of vital substances, secondary metabolism involves the production of substances previously considered secondary. However, it is now known that these substances are extremely important for the plants that produce them, being responsible for several adaptation mechanisms. In addition to the isolation and identification of these secondary metabolites, the chemistry of natural products also covers the distribution of these substances in the plant kingdom (chemosystematics) and their role in the relationship between the plant and its environment (chemical ecology).